cheikh anta diop biographie

Diop, Cheikh Anta, Civilization or Barbarism: An Authentic Anthropology, translated from the French by Yaa-Lengi Meema Ngemi, edited by Harold J. Salemson and Marjolijn de Jager, Lawrence Hill, 1991. (in French) “Biographie de Birago Diop”, , 21 September XXX;: XX;: ; Point E rue 5 X Birago DIOP en Philosophie et Anthropologie de l’Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD). Diop tried to illustrate the strength of the cultural ties between ancient Egypt and its African neighbors—briefly alluded to by Herodotus and other classical authors of antiquity—by comparing the Egyptian language of the pharaonic epoch with Wolof, a Senegalese language spoken in western Africa near the Atlantic Ocean. . Black nationalism is the ideology of creating a nation-state for Africans living in the Maafa (a Kiswahili term used to describe t…, Socialism, African Undeterred, Diop published his thesis the following year as Nations nègres et culture (“Black Nations and Culture”). For instance, one of the epistemological bases of his disagreement with Senegalese president Léopold Sédar Senghor (1906–2001), a cofounder of the Négritude movement and a member of the French Academy, was Diop’s view that Senghor was making historical claims about black cultures on the basis of speculation, imagination, and sentiment and not on scientific grounds. Du Bois, as a scholar “who had exerted the greatest influence on African people in the twentieth century,” First World Black Festival of Arts and Culture, Dakar, Senegal, 1966. 29Decembre 1923- 29 Decembre 2020. Peu de chercheurs scientifiques noirs jouissent d���une popularité comparable à celle du Sénégalais Cheikh Anta Diop (1923-1986). With these three publications, Cheikh Anta DIOP founded the scientific history of the African continent and inaugurated, at the same time, a school of African history. Selected awards: Honored, with W. E. B. Quatre fils naîtront de cette union. 1990); and his opus, Civilization or Barbarism (trans. There are two basic models of African socialism that represent its variations and development on the continent (Rosberg and Callag…, The African diaspora is a term that refers to the dispersal of African peoples to form a distinct, transnational community. À l'âge de 23 ans, il part pour Paris afin d'étudier la physique et la chimie mais se tourne aussi vers l'histoire et les sciences sociales. His generalizations about African languages and their connection to ancient Egyptian languages through Wolof, a Senegalese language, were essentially deductive, imaginative, and ahistorical. He was, however, accused of being reductionist or essentialist because he insisted on a corrective scholarship. From this information, Diop reasoned that a black race existed in Egypt at that time and did not migrate at a later stage as some previous theories have suggested. His views on development included Africa’s acquisition of nuclear capabilities, industrialization, self-determination, and self-reliance. "Cheikh Anta Diop Cheikh Anta Diop est né en 1923 dans le village de Thieytou, une centaine de kilomètres à l'est de Dakar, au Sénégal, au sein d'une famille d'origine aristocratique wolof. Alexander, E. Curtis, ed. In 1966, the laboratory became fully functional with the installation of the complete "RA14" radioactivity measurement setup from Intertechnique, thanks to the Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) from Saclay, in France. Despite the controversy surrounding his theories, Diop’s desire to promote unity among Africans has provided inspiration for others to study and elaborate on his work. Sa famille est d'origine artistocratique wolof. (December 21, 2020). Cheikh Anta Diop termine son ouvrage Les fondements économiques et culturels d'un État fédéral d'Afrique noire par quatorze propositions d'actions concrètes allant du domaine de l'éducation à celui de l'industrialisation. (Laboratoire de Logiques contemporaines de Paris VIII). Born in a Muslim family on December 29, 1923, in Caytu, a small village near the town of Diourbel, Senegal, Diop attended the local Koranic school before enrolling in a French colonial school. He indeed considered the laboratory, in the South of the Sahara, as the core of a future great African Center devoted to weak radioactivities, in order to deal with various methods of dating. Cheikh Anta Diop naît en 1923 dans un petit village du Sénégal, Caytou. These two were not related, but they were both from the Lebu ethnic group that speaks the Wolof language. Birago Diop (11 December – 25 November ) was a Senegalese poet . Cheikh Anta Diop was an Afrocentric historian, anthropologist, physicist and politician who studied the human race’s origins and pre-colonial African cul. Il tient sa renommée internationale des thèses qu'il a développées allant à l'encontre de l'idée selon laquelle l'Afrique n'a pas de passé. Sa famille est d'origine aristocratique leboue. Working partnership were then established between IFAN and CEA/CNRS (French National Center for Scientific Research) with the vital collaboration of Jean Le Run (who implemented the first whole radiocarbon dating system at the CNRS Gif-sur-Yvette, in France), Jacques Labeyrie, Director of the CFR (Centre des Failbles Radioactivités or Center for Weak Radioactivity) at Gif-sur-Yvette and Georgette Delibrias, Director of the radiocarbon laboratory of the CFR. Biographie. His thought is philosophically complex and intellectually challenging, and it embodies an interactive methodological inquiry. Refer to each style’s convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. North American indigenous peoples: Biographies. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). Cheikh Anta Diop et l’Afrique dans l’histoire du monde. 21 Dec. 2020 . 12 oct. politique: biographie par Alfred Largange, bibliographie détaillée, liens. Under the patronage of UNESCO, with other eminent African historians such as Sékéné Mody CISSOKHO, Joseph E. INIKORI, Joseph KI-ZERBO, Djibril Tamsir NIANE, Gamal MOKHTAR, Théophile OBENGA, Iba Der THIAM, etc., he brought a fertile contribution to the writing of the General History of Africa. Diop, however, left his mark in the realm of the reassessment of the role of black people in world history and culture. À l'âge de 23 ans, il part pour Paris afin d'étudier la physique et la chimie mais se tourne aussi vers l'histoire et les sciences sociales. Encyclopedia of World Biography. CHEIKH ANTA DIOP. 12 oct. politique: biographie par Alfred Largange, bibliographie détaillée, liens. He was born on December 23,1923, in Diourbel, Senegal, a community with a fertile intellectual tradition that had produced many Muslim scholars and griots— oral tribal historians. He never argued that black Africans were monolithic and genetically superior to other races. In Nations nègres et culture Diop displaced contemporary theories on the founding of ancient Egypt by postulating that Egypt was culturally and historically related to other African nations, distinct from Europe and Asia. Biographie : Cheikh Anta Diop est un historien et anthropologue sénégalais. Cheikh Anta Diop est né le 29 décembre 1923 à Thieytou, dans la région de Diourbel (Sénégal). Diop received a number of awards, including the prestigious African World Festival of Arts and Culture Prize for scholars who had “exerted the greatest influence on African peoples in the 20th century,” which he won jointly with W. E. B. À l'âge de 23 ans, il part à Paris pour étudier la physique et la chimie mais se tourne aussi vers l'histoire et les sciences sociales. “Wherever the autochthonous [native] racial type is represented with any degree of clearness, it is evidently Negroid.” As an example Diop cited the generic table of the races represented in the tomb of Egyptian King Ramses III from the twelfth century B.C., which he felt showed Egyptians as black. 1 Etudes Il commence ses études à l’école coranique du célèbre Cheikh Amadou Bamba 2 puis à l’Ecole (française) régionale … Diop experienced the great explosion of independence which began in early 1958 in Ghana. Pages Businesses Public & Government Service Library Biographie de cheikh anta diop Reviews. Cheikh Anta Diop est né le 29 décembre 1923 à Thieytou, dans la région de Diourbel (Sénégal). Thus they are strongly supported and promoted by neoconservative university and college administrators with the collaboration of some African American and African academics. He emphasized the primacy of African culture by proving that ancient Egypt was a black society both in its historicity and in its cultural achievements, later claimed by Indo-Aryan cultures. For Diop, science is a liberating, moralizing, and progress-oriented force; scientific studies on the centrality of the historicity of Africa and its contributions could humanize the world. Cheikh Anta Diop was an Afrocentric historian, anthropologist, physicist and politician who studied the human race’s origins and pre-colonial African cul. (December 21, 2020). The results, he believed, showed little difference between the two. He published in 1954 (Editions Presence Africaine), a work of world-wide interest, Nations nègres et cultures, which gave a strong scientific foundation to the field of African humanities. After koranic, followed by primary and secondary French-school studies in Senegal, Cheikh Anta DIOP will be endowed with a double higher training in Human Sciences and in Natural Sciences in Paris, France. Son père, (le Jeune) Massamba Sassoum Diop est décédé peu de temps après sa naissance. “The return to Egypt in all domains is the necessary condition for reconciling African civilizations with history, in order to be able to construct a body of modern human sciences, in order to renovate African culture,” the late Senegalese historian Cheikh Anta Diop proposed in his last work, Civilisation ou barbarie: anthropologie sans complaisance (translated as Civilization or Barbarism: An Authentic Anthropology ). L’antiquité africaine par l’image, Nouvelles Editions Africaines, 1976. Ratings and reviews have changed. Cheikh Anta Diop, one of the most able of present day scholars writing about Africa, is also one of the greatest living Black historians. https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/diop-cheikh-anta-1923-1986, Nagel, Rob "Diop, Cheikh Anta 1923–1986 Cheikh Anta Diop (né le 29 décembre 1923 à Thieytou - mort le 7 février 1986 à Dakar) est un historien et anthropologue sénégalais. “Consequently, no thought, no ideology is, in essence, foreign to Africa, which was their birthplace,” he wrote. He was a member of the Socialist Party (PS) and later of the Alliance of the Forces of Progress (AFP). Dr Cheikh Anta Diop est né le 29 décembre 1923 dans le village de Caytou situé dans la région de Diourbel (en pays Baol-Cayor), près de la ville de Bambey à environ 150 km de Dakar, au Sénégal. Cheikh Anta Diop was an Afrocentric historian, anthropologist, physicist and politician who studied the human race���s origins and pre-colonial African cul. An icon used to represent a menu that can be toggled by interacting with this icon. Cheikh Anta Diop, a modern champion of African identity, was born in Diourbel, Senegal on December 29, Cheikh Anta Diop was born at the end of in Diourbel, Senegal, a … The very history of the peopling of the valley refutes such a possibility.”. Sa mère, Magatte Diop, vécut jusqu'en 1984. Par Sandro CAPO CHICHI Les premières années Cheikh Anta Diop est né le 29 décembre 1923 dans le village de Caytu dans Darin entwickelte er die Hypothese, dass die alten Ägypter Schwarzafrikaner gewesen seien und dass die von ihnen geschaffene Hochkultur eine originär (schwarz)afrikanische Zivilisation darstelle. Cheikh Anta Diop was an Afrocentric historian, anthropologist, physicist and politician who studied the human race’s origins and pre-colonial African cul. This was a testimony of gratitude to the first, as the eminent scientific personality who created and managed IFAN (until 1965) and to the second, as one of the pioneers of “Carbone 14” in France, and who trained him in C14 dating. Sa famille est d'origine artistocratique wolof. It also contains the results of the first dates obtained from three samples supplied respectively by Théodore Monod, the dating laboratory at Saclay/Gif-sur-Yvette and a British archeological mission in Gambia. Cheikh Anta Diop was an Afrocentric historian, anthropologist, physicist and politician who studied the human race���s origins and pre-colonial African cul. Il suit en particulier les cours de Gaston Bachelard et de Frédéric Joliot-Curie. New York: ECA. More than any other twentieth-century scholar, Diop tried to give people of African origin a cultural identity, something he believed could act as a force of cohesion, empowering and enriching not only certain groups but an entire continent and, consequently, the world. In his final book, Civilisation ou barbarie, which is considered his magnum opus, Diop expanded on, clarified, and synthesized his arguments from L’Afrique noire pré-coloniale (Precolonial Black Africa, 1960) and Antériorité des civilisations nègres: Mythe ou realité (The African Origin of Civilization: Myth or Reality, 1967). 1997. Penetrating and controversial, Diop’s theories also challenge the nineteenth-century notion that ancient African cultures were more depraved and uncivilized than their counterparts. In 1968, Cheikh Anta DOP published "Le laboratoire du radiocarbone de l'IFAN", which is a description of the installations gathering the measurements made from December 20th, 1966 until May 30th, 1967. Nagel, Rob "Diop, Cheikh Anta 1923–1986 Clearly, these new perspectives are ideological, rather than scientific, constructs. In 1968, Cheikh Anta DOP published "Le laboratoire du radiocarbone de l'IFAN", which is a description of the installations gathering the measurements made from December 20, He received, with William Eduar Burghardt du Bois, the African-American academic and founding member of The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), the Award of the 1. La violence dont l'Afrique est l'objet, n'est pas de nature exclusivement militaire, politique et économique. Name pronounced “Shek An-ta Dee-op ” born December 23, 1923, in Diourbel, Senegal; died February 7, 1986, in Dakar, Senegal. 1–2. Greek historian Herodotus, who toured Egypt during his travels. For Diop, learning the true history of Africa, and of the world for that matter, is essentially a scientific endeavor. Within the “Cite this article” tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. Sa famille est d'origine aristocratique leboue. Sa famille est d`origine artistocratique wolof. . Sa famille est d'origine artistocratique wolof. International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. Retrieved December 21, 2020 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/diop-cheikh-anta-1923-1986. Nations nègres et culture, Présence Africaine, 1954, partial translation by Mercer Cook published in The African Origin of Civilization: Myth or Reality, Lawrence Hill, 1974. L’unité culturelle de l’Afrique noire: domaines du patriarcat et du matriarcat dans l’antiqué classique, Présence Africaine, 1959, translation published as The Cultural Unity of Negro Africa: The Domains of Patriarchy and of Matriarchy in Classical Antiquity, Présence Africaine, 1962, translation by John Henrik Clarke published as The Cultural Unity of Black Africa: The Domains of Patriarchy and of Matriarchy in Classical Antiquity, Third World Press, 1978. Upon returning to Senegal, he joined what is today the Institut Fondamentale d'Afrique Noire, where he founded and ran the only carbon-14-dating laboratory in Africa. ." Méconnu par la majorité de ces compatriotes, de par sa personnalité, de par son oeuvre, Cheikh Anta Diop est un Sénégalais, historien, politique, anthropologue et égyptologue. Il est mort le 4 février 1986 à Dakar (Sénégal). Among Diop's books is Anteriorité des civilisations nègres: Mythe ou vérité historique (1967; Roots of Black Civilizations: Myth or Historical Truth). In most of his works, he insisted that such a science requires first the utilization of objective methods through which empirical facts can be tested. He strongly denounced the falsification of modern history as a major part of an agenda that has slowed world progress. Cheikh Anta Diop. Wakeur Cheikh Balla Thioro, Touba. Diop’s thought inspired two main groups of American Afrocentrists: those who used Afrocentricity as an interdisciplinary research method with a focus on African history and culture in the academia, and those who used Diop’s racial centrality as an ideology of social reconstruction in the struggle for change in society at large. Les fondements culturels, techniques et industriels d’un futur état fédéral d’Afrique noire, Présence Africaine, 1960, revised edition published as Les Fondements economiques et culturels d’un etat federal d’Afrique noire, Présence Africaine, 1974, translation by Harold Salemson published as Black Africa: The Economic and Cultural Basis for a Federated State, Lawrence Hill, 1978, revised with an interview by Carlos Moore, 1987. Diop’s science can be used to actualize a worldview, an ideological position of humanizing the world. In major American research universities, for instance, as they attempt to meet the rising demand for multiculturalism and diversity, his scholarship is perceived as advancing particularism and separatism. . 21 Dec. 2020 . . Cheikh Anta Diop was a great Senegalese historian, anthropologist, philosopher, physicist and politician. Biographie Né à Saint-Louis du Sénégal, le Professeur Mamoussé Diagne a fait ses études supérieures en France, sanctionnées par l���Agrégation de philosophie obtenue en 1973. Cheikh Anta DIOP died on February 7, 1986 in Dakar. On January 9, 1960, Diop successfully defended his doctoral dissertation: “L’Afrique noire précoloniale et l’unité culturelle de l’Afrique noire” (Precolonial Black Africa and the Cultural Unity of Black Africa). Cheikh Anta DiopRather than enjoying a good book as soon as a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled later some harmful virus inside their computer. L'antériorité des civilisations nègres Selon Cheikh Anta Diop, l'homme (homo sapiens), est apparu sous les latitudes tropicales de l'Afrique, dans He received, with William Eduar Burghardt du Bois, the African-American academic and founding member of The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), the Award of the 1st World Festival of Negro Arts in 1966, rewarding the writer who had exercised the greatest influence in Negro thought in the XXth century. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Grégoire BIYOGO . Cheikh Anta Diop nourrissait une admiration toute particulière à l���égard du grand physicien français Frédéric Joliot-Curie avec lequel il est entré en contact pour la première fois en 1953. Cheikh Anta Diop was an Afrocentric historian, anthropologist, physicist and politician who studied the human race’s origins and pre-colonial African cul. The hope that this movement created soon turned sour, as former European colonial powers, unseen, remained in control. . “In fact,” Diop postulated in Civilization or Barbarism, “The Egyptian artist does not hesitate to represent the generic type of the Egyptian as a typical Black.” Diop concludes that the Egyptians held themselves as directly related to other black Africans—there was no ethnic difference. The great fictional chronicler of South African life in the apartheid era is Es’kia Mphahlele, whose career…, Cheetham, Nicholas (John Alexander) 1910-2002, Cheirological Society of Great Britain (Dukes), https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/diop-cheikh-anta-1923-1986, https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/applied-and-social-sciences-magazines/diop-cheikh-anta, https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/cheikh-anta-diop, Communication of Ideas: Africa and its Influence. Diop also challenged the prevailing view that the flow of cultural influence was from the north, the European or "Hamitic" areas, southward to the more primitive areas. Fax: 123-456-7890 Diop’s important publications include: Nations nègres et culture (Negro Nations and Culture, 1955); L’unité culturelle de l’Afrique noire (The Cultural Unity of Black Africa, 1959); Antériorité des civilisations nègres: Mythe ou realité (The African Origin of Civilization: Myth or Reality, 1967); Physique nucléaire et chronologie absolue (Nuclear Physics and Absolute Chronology, 1974); and Les fondements économiques et culturels d’un état fédéral d’Afrique noire (The Economic and Cultural Foundations of a Federated State of Black Africa, 1974). New York Times Book Review, August 11, 1991. International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, Afrocentrism has a long and often misunderstood history. 21 Dec. 2020 . Cheikh Anta Diop was an Afrocentric historian, anthropologist, physicist and politician who studied the human race���s origins and pre-colonial African cul. biographie. Cheikh Anta DIOP also continued the research activities he had already undertaken in various fields: Prehistory (the origins of man and his migrations), Egyptology, African historic linguistics, the evolution of societies, the contribution of Africa to civilization. Cheikh Anta Diop, a modern champion of African identity, was born in Diourbel, Senegal on December 29, Cheikh Anta Diop was born at the end of in Diourbel, Senegal, a … After returning to Senegal, he was appointed at IFAN (French Institute of Black Africa initially, and Fundamental Institute of Black Africa a few years later), which was then managed by Theodore Monod. L'Afrique est sous la domination coloniale européenne qui a pris le relai de la traite négrière atlantique commencée au 16ème siècle. Cheikh Anta Diop a été l���un des penseurs africains les plus influents du XXe siècle. He also became involved in politics and established an opposition party, the Rassemblement National Démocratique (National Democratic Rally), having earlier served as secretary-general of the students’ unit of the Rassemblement Démocratique Africain. His point, however, was not to suggest the overall supremacy of ancient Egypt, only its primacy in the world’s cultural history and its rightful connection to Africa’s cultural history. #biographie. 1991). After koranic, followed by primary and secondary French-school studies in Senegal, Cheikh Anta DIOP will be endowed with a double higher training in Human Sciences and in Natural Sciences in Paris, France. ." Cheikh Anta Diop est né le 29 décembre 1923 à Thieytou, dans le département de Bambey, région de Diourbel (Sénégal). Cheikh Anta Diop est né le 29 décembre 1923 à Thieytou , dans le département de Bambey , région de Diourbel ( Sénégal ).Sa famille est d'origine artistocratique wolof . Diop took Africa seriously, and set it against the artificiality of colonialism. In 1981 Abdou Diouf, president of Senegal from 1981 to 2000, appointed Diop professor in the department of history. After receiving his baccalaureate in Senegal, Diop, already conceptualizing his African cultural unity theories, pursued doctoral studies at the Université de Paris. Cheikh Anta Diop naît en 1923 dans un petit village du Sénégal, Caytou. (in French) “Biographie de Birago Diop”, , 21 September XXX;: XX;: ; Point E rue 5 X Birago DIOP en Philosophie et Anthropologie de l’Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD). Cheikh Anta Diop est né le 29 décembre 1923 à Thieytou, dans le département de Bambey, région de Diourbel (Sénégal). Argued That the Earliest Humans Were Black, Focused on Representations of Egyptians in Art. In fact, Diop argued, African culture and history was older than any other, and influenced the course of other cultures more than usually given credit. Contemporary Black Biography. Son père, (le Jeune) Massamba Sassoum Diop est décédé peu de temps après sa naissance. He cited in particular the fifth century B.C. Poéticien, égyptologue, philosophe, politologue, et écrivain gabonais.. Diop intended it as the intellectual summation of his previous research. Aimé Césaire will write: “…Nations nègres et Cultures is the most audacious [book] a Negro has ever written and will count, without doubt, in the awakening of Africa” (Discours sur le Colonialisme, 1955). He should be considered as one of the greatest scientists after Darwin, as he demonstrated that Africa was the cradle of humanity; that everything started in Africa, and that Egypt and modern day … Encyclopedia.com. He received his higher education at the University of Paris (France), where he earned a doctorate of letters and was active in African student politics. Dr Cheikh Anta Diop est né le 29 décembre 1923 dans le village de Caytou situé dans la région de Diourbel (en pays Baol-Cayor), près de la ville de Bambey à environ 150 km de Dakar, au Sénégal. □. "Diop, Cheikh Anta Saint of our youth! In 1966 at Dakar the World Festival of Negro Arts honored Diop as "the black intellectual who has exercised the most fruitful influence in the twentieth century." ." The dating results of archeological samples were published in the Bulletin de l’IFAN and in the international journal Radiocarbon. An important selection from Diop's Nations, nègres, et cultures, in which he accounts for the myths of Negro inferiority, can be found in Irving Leonard Markovitz, ed., African Politics and Society (1970). Cheikh Anta Diop, né à Thieytou (Sénégal), vint à à Paris après guerre pour poursuivre des études de sciences et d���histoire. For instance, the promotion of indigenous knowledge systems as a new area of study in some African universities and research centers was inspired by Diop’s claims concerning the role of culture, history, linguistics, and science in socioeconomic and political progress. Therefore, it’s best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publication’s requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. Retrieved December 21, 2020 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/cheikh-anta-diop. Summaries of Diop's work can be found in Claude Wauthier, The Literature and Thought of Modern Africa (1964; trans. 500 Terry Francois Street, 6th Floor San Francisco, CA 94158 . Il se tiendra dans 5 sites au niveau du campus pédagogique et social et sera bimodal ; avec une diffusion en direct sur toutes les plateformes de l'UCAD (site web de l'université, UCAD FM, YouTube, Facebook, Twitter) Cheikh Anta Diop (1923-1986) was an African historian who, in a series of studies, dramatically and controversially maintained that the scope of Africa's contribution to world civilization was considerably larger than heretofore acknowledged. At the university, however, Diop met resistance; his dissertation, presented in 1954, was rejected. Writer Cheikh Anta Diop est né le 29 décembre 1923 à Thieytou, dans le département de Bambey, région de Diourbel (Sénégal). . These perspectives are difficult to assess clearly in terms of their effective collective quality and their impact on the study of specific African cultures and histories, especially those that developed independently of or parallel to the ancient Egyptian civilization. Cheikh Anta Diop, a modern champion of African identity, was born in Diourbel, Senegal on December 29, Cheikh Anta Diop was born at the end of in Diourbel, Senegal, a city reknowned for spawning great Islamic philosophers and historians.

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